【Unity教程】从0编程制作类银河恶魔城游戏_哔哩哔哩_bilibili
教程源地址：https://www.udemy.com/course/2d-rpg-alexdev/
本章节实现了死亡后拾取掉落的灵魂，同时给右上角的灵魂做了一个逐渐增加的效果
LostCurrencyController.cs
整体流程
- 游戏场景中会有丢失的灵魂（或货币），每个丢失灵魂对象都挂载了这个脚本。
- 当玩家的角色与丢失灵魂发生触碰（即进入碰撞触发器区域）时，触发
OnTriggerEnter2D方法。 - 检查碰撞物体是否是玩家，如果是，则：
- 增加玩家的货币或灵魂数量。
- 销毁丢失灵魂的对象，从场景中移除该物体。
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;public class LostCurrencyController : MonoBehaviour
{public int currency;private void OnTriggerEnter2D(Collider2D collision){if (collision.GetComponent<Player>()!= null) {PlayerManager.instance.currency += currency;//捡取灵魂Destroy(gameObject);}}
}
GameData.cs
主要作用是初始化数据
这个构造函数初始化了所有变量的默认值。它确保在创建 GameData 对象时，所有字段都有一个初始值，从而避免了未赋值的错误。
具体的初始化内容：
lostCurrencyX,lostCurrencyY,lostCurrencyAmount都初始化为0，表示初始时没有丢失的灵魂。currency初始化为0，表示玩家一开始没有货币。skillTree,inventory,checkpoints使用SerializableDictionary进行初始化，确保它们是可序列化的，并且在后续存储和加载时不会出现空引用错误。equipmentId初始化为一个空的列表，表示玩家初始没有装备。closestCheckpointId初始化为空字符串，表示玩家一开始没有最近的检查点。checkpoints被初始化为一个空的字典，表示游戏开始时没有任何检查点。
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;//2024.11.25
[System.Serializable]
public class GameData
{public int currency;public SerializableDictionary<string, bool>skillTree;public SerializableDictionary<string, int> inventory;//物品的名字和数量public List<string> equipmentId;//装备的IDpublic SerializableDictionary<string, bool> checkpoints;//检查点的ID和激活状态public string closestCheckpointId;//最近的检查点IDpublic float lostCurrencyX;public float lostCurrencyY;public int lostCurrencyAmount;public GameData(){this.lostCurrencyX = 0;this.lostCurrencyY = 0;this.lostCurrencyAmount = 0;this.currency = 0;skillTree = new SerializableDictionary<string, bool>();inventory = new SerializableDictionary<string, int>();equipmentId = new List<string>();closestCheckpointId =string.Empty;checkpoints = new SerializableDictionary<string, bool>(); }
}
GameManager.cs
这段 GameManager 脚本负责游戏的核心管理任务，包括：
- 玩家位置的管理。
- 检查点和丢失灵魂的保存与加载。
- 游戏数据的保存和恢复。
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.SceneManagement;//2024.11.28 17:04
public class GameManager : MonoBehaviour, ISaveManager
{public static GameManager instance;//单例模式,全局变量private Transform player;//玩家的位置[SerializeField] private Checkpoint[] checkpoints;[SerializeField] private string closestCheckpointId;[Header("Lost Currency")][SerializeField] private GameObject lostCurrencyPrefab;public int lostCurrencyAmount ;[SerializeField] private float lostCurrencyX;//丢失灵魂的位置[SerializeField] private float lostCurrencyY;private void Awake(){if (instance != null)Destroy(instance.gameObject);elseinstance = this;checkpoints = FindObjectsOfType<Checkpoint>();//查找所有的检查点}private void Start(){player = PlayerManager.instance.player.transform;}public void RestartScene(){SaveManager.instance.SaveGame();//保存游戏Scene scene = SceneManager.GetActiveScene();SceneManager.LoadScene(scene.name);}public void LoadData(GameData _data)=> StartCoroutine(LoadWithDelay(_data));private void LoadCheckpoint(GameData _data)//加载检查点{foreach (KeyValuePair<string, bool> pair in _data.checkpoints)//遍历数据中的检查点{foreach (Checkpoint checkpoint in checkpoints)//遍历场景中的检查点{if (checkpoint.id == pair.Key && pair.Value == true) //如果检查点的ID和数据中的ID相同且激活状态为真checkpoint.ActivateCheckPoint();}}}private void LoadLostCurrency(GameData _data)//加载丢失的灵魂{lostCurrencyAmount = _data.lostCurrencyAmount;lostCurrencyX = _data.lostCurrencyX;lostCurrencyY = _data.lostCurrencyY;if (lostCurrencyAmount > 0){GameObject newlostCurrency = Instantiate(lostCurrencyPrefab, new Vector3(lostCurrencyX, lostCurrencyY), Quaternion.identity);newlostCurrency.GetComponent<LostCurrencyController>().currency = lostCurrencyAmount;}lostCurrencyAmount = 0;//重置丢失的灵魂数量}private IEnumerator LoadWithDelay(GameData _data)//延迟加载，防止其他数据未加载{yield return new WaitForSeconds(.5f);LoadCheckpoint(_data);LoadClosetCheckpoint(_data);LoadLostCurrency(_data); }public void SaveData(ref GameData _data){_data.lostCurrencyAmount = lostCurrencyAmount;_data.lostCurrencyX = player.position.x;_data.lostCurrencyY = player.position.y;if (FindClosestCheckpoint() != null)//如果最近的检查点不为空_data.closestCheckpointId = FindClosestCheckpoint().id;//将最近的检查点ID存入数据_data.checkpoints.Clear();foreach (Checkpoint checkpoint in checkpoints){_data.checkpoints.Add(checkpoint.id, checkpoint.activationStatus);//将检查点的ID和激活状态存入数据}}private void LoadClosetCheckpoint(GameData _data)//将玩家放在最近的检查点{if(_data.closestCheckpointId == null)return;closestCheckpointId = _data.closestCheckpointId; ;//将最近检查点ID存入变量foreach (Checkpoint checkpoint in checkpoints){if (closestCheckpointId == checkpoint.id)player.position = checkpoint.transform.position;}}private Checkpoint FindClosestCheckpoint()//找到最近的检查点{float closestDistance = Mathf.Infinity;//正无穷Checkpoint closestCheckpoint = null;foreach (var checkpoint in checkpoints)//遍历所有的检查点{float distanceToCheckpoint = Vector2.Distance(player.position, checkpoint.transform.position);//计算玩家和检查点之间的距离if (distanceToCheckpoint < closestDistance && checkpoint.activationStatus == true)//如果距离小于最近距离且检查点激活{closestDistance = distanceToCheckpoint;//更新最近距离closestCheckpoint = checkpoint;//更新最近检查点}}return closestCheckpoint;}
}
UI_InGame.cs
增加了更新灵魂值得效果，可以更改增加得速率
using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.UI;
using TMPro;//2024年11月22日
public class UI_InGame : MonoBehaviour
{[SerializeField] private PlayerStats playerStats;//存储玩家的状态信息[SerializeField] private Slider slider;//显示玩家血量[SerializeField] private Image dashImage;[SerializeField] private Image parryImage;[SerializeField] private Image crystalImage;[SerializeField] private Image swordImage;[SerializeField] private Image blackholeImage;[SerializeField] private Image flaskImage;private SkillManager skills;[Header("Souls info")][SerializeField] private TextMeshProUGUI currentSouls;[SerializeField] private float soulsAmount;[SerializeField] private float increaseRate ;//灵魂值增长速度void Start(){if(playerStats != null) playerStats.onHealthChanged += UpdateHealthUI;skills = SkillManager.instance;}void Update(){UpdataSoulsUI();if (Input.GetKeyDown(KeyCode.LeftShift) && skills.dash.dashUnlocked)SetCooldownOf(dashImage);if (Input.GetKeyDown(KeyCode.Q) && skills.parry.parryUnlocked)SetCooldownOf(parryImage);if (Input.GetKeyDown(KeyCode.F) && skills.crystal.crystalUnlocked)SetCooldownOf(crystalImage);if (Input.GetKeyDown(KeyCode.Mouse1) && skills.sword.swordUnlocked)SetCooldownOf(swordImage);if (Input.GetKeyDown(KeyCode.R) && skills.blackhole.blackHoleUnlocked)SetCooldownOf(blackholeImage);if (Input.GetKeyDown(KeyCode.Alpha1) && Inventory.instance.GetEquipment(EquipmentType.Flask) != null)//必须获取药水SetCooldownOf(flaskImage);CheckCoolDownOf(dashImage, skills.dash.cooldown);CheckCoolDownOf(parryImage, skills.parry.cooldown);CheckCoolDownOf(crystalImage, skills.crystal.cooldown);CheckCoolDownOf(swordImage, skills.sword.cooldown);CheckCoolDownOf(blackholeImage, skills.blackhole.cooldown);CheckCoolDownOf(flaskImage, Inventory.instance.flaskCoolDown);}private void UpdataSoulsUI()//更新灵魂值{if (soulsAmount < PlayerManager.instance.GetCurrency()){soulsAmount += increaseRate * Time.deltaTime;}elsesoulsAmount = PlayerManager.instance.GetCurrency();currentSouls.text = ((int)soulsAmount).ToString();}private void UpdateHealthUI()//更新血条值{slider.maxValue = playerStats.GetMaxHealthValue();slider.value = playerStats.currentHealth;}private void SetCooldownOf(Image _image)//设置技能冷却时间动画{if (_image.fillAmount <= 0)_image.fillAmount = 1;}private void CheckCoolDownOf(Image _image,float _coolDown){if (_image.fillAmount > 0)_image.fillAmount -= 1 / _coolDown * Time.deltaTime;//调整转的速度}}
