1.这是控制灯的流程图
2.首先在proteus 8软件绘制电路图
配置好51的最小系统，复位电路，晶振电路，按键电路，彩灯电路，数码管电路等
这里的数码管采用共阴极接法，a=p02、b=p03、c=p04、d=p05、e=p06、f=p01、g=p00、dp无、com接地。因为我的实物是这种接法，不是标准的共阴数码管。
3.在keil软件进行编程
代码：
#include <reg52.h> // AT89C52头文件typedef unsigned char u8;
typedef unsigned int u16;sbit RED = P2^1; // Q1: 红灯
sbit YELLOW = P2^2; // Q2: 黄灯
sbit GREEN = P2^3; // Q3: 绿灯sbit START_BUTTON = P3^4; // 启动按键
sbit RESET_BUTTON = P3^5; // 复位按键sbit a = P0^2; // a段 -> P0.2
sbit b = P0^3; // b段 -> P0.3
sbit c = P0^4; // c段 -> P0.4
sbit d = P0^5; // d段 -> P0.5
sbit e = P0^6; // e段 -> P0.6
sbit f = P0^1; // f段 -> P0.1
sbit g = P0^0; // g段 -> P0.0// 共阴极数码管0~9的段码
u8 seg_table[]={0x3F,0x06,0x5B,0x4F,0x66,0x6D,0x7D,0x07,0x7F,0x6F};// 状态枚举（Q3Q2Q1顺序）
typedef enum
{STATE_000 = 0, // 000（全灭）STATE_001, // 001（红灯亮）STATE_011, // 011（红灯+黄灯亮）STATE_010, // 010（黄灯亮）STATE_110, // 110（黄灯+绿灯亮）STATE_100, // 100（绿灯亮）STATE_101, // 101（红灯+绿灯亮）STATE_111 // 111（全亮）
} State;State current_state = STATE_000; // 初始状态
bit is_started = 0; // 启动标志void delay(u16 n)//12.000MHz
{u8 i, j;while(n--){i = 2;j = 239;do{while (--j);} while (--i);}
}// 更新彩灯状态（严格按Q3Q2Q1顺序）
void update_leds()
{switch (current_state){case STATE_000: // 000（全灭）GREEN = 1; YELLOW = 1; RED = 1;break;case STATE_001: // 001（红灯亮）GREEN = 1; YELLOW = 1; RED = 0;break;case STATE_011: // 011（红灯+黄灯亮）GREEN = 1; YELLOW = 0; RED = 0;break;case STATE_010: // 010（黄灯亮）GREEN = 1; YELLOW = 0; RED = 1;break;case STATE_110: // 110（黄灯+绿灯亮）GREEN = 0; YELLOW = 0; RED = 1;break;case STATE_100: // 100（绿灯亮）GREEN = 0; YELLOW = 1; RED = 1;break;case STATE_101: // 101（红灯+绿灯亮）GREEN = 0; YELLOW = 1; RED = 0;break;case STATE_111: // 111（全亮）GREEN = 0; YELLOW = 0; RED = 0;break;}
}// 状态切换
void next_state()
{switch (current_state){case STATE_000: current_state = STATE_001; break;case STATE_001: current_state = STATE_011; break;case STATE_011: current_state = STATE_010; break;case STATE_010: current_state = STATE_110; break;case STATE_110: current_state = STATE_100; break;case STATE_100: current_state = STATE_101; break;case STATE_101: current_state = STATE_111; break;case STATE_111: current_state = STATE_000; break;}
}// 数码管显示函数
void display_digit(u8 num)
{u8 seg = seg_table[num];// 将标准段码映射到实际引脚a = (seg >> 0) & 0x01; // a对应段码的最低位b = (seg >> 1) & 0x01; // bc = (seg >> 2) & 0x01; // cd = (seg >> 3) & 0x01; // de = (seg >> 4) & 0x01; // ef = (seg >> 5) & 0x01; // fg = (seg >> 6) & 0x01; // g
}// 更新数码管显示
void update_seg_display()
{u8 display_num;switch (current_state){case STATE_000: display_num = 1; break;case STATE_001: display_num = 2; break;case STATE_011: display_num = 3; break;case STATE_010: display_num = 4; break;case STATE_110: display_num = 5; break;case STATE_100: display_num = 6; break;case STATE_101: display_num = 7; break;case STATE_111: display_num = 8; break;}display_digit(display_num);
}void main()
{while (1){if (START_BUTTON == 0){delay(20);if (START_BUTTON == 0) is_started = 1;}if (RESET_BUTTON == 0){delay(20);if (RESET_BUTTON == 0){current_state = STATE_000;is_started = 0;update_leds();display_digit(0); // 复位时数码管显示 0}}if (is_started){update_leds(); // 更新LED状态update_seg_display(); // 更新数码管显示delay(1000); // 每个状态持续1snext_state(); // 切换到下一状态}}
}
4.仿真效果
按下SB1：1-8循环显示，彩灯也一样循环显示
最后按下SB2：彩灯停止，数码管显示0
