文章目录
- 一 环境配置
- 1、更换yum源
- 2、文件配置
- 二 oracle环境配置
- 1、下载依赖包
- 2、创建用户和用户组
- 3、创建目录并赋予权限
- 4、修改资源限制参数
- 5、修改内核参数
- 6、配置安全
- 7、配置Oracle环境变量
- 三 安装Oracle数据库
- 四 创建Oracle实例
- 五 启动数据库
一 环境配置
1、更换yum源
先备份本身yum源
mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.bak
下载国内yum源到/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
清理yum缓存，然后生成新的缓存
yum clean all
yum makecache
更新
yum update
2、文件配置
hostnamectl set-hostname p19cdb #名字可以随意更改
echo “192.168.88.133 p19cdb” >> /etc/hosts
二 oracle环境配置
1、下载依赖包
yum -y install bc binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel fontconfig-devel glibc glibc-devel ksh libaio libaio-devel libX11 libXau libXi libXtst libXrender libXrender-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-Devel libxcb make smartmontools sysstat
2、创建用户和用户组
groupadd -g 60001 oinstall
groupadd -g 60002 dba
groupadd -g 60003 backupdba
groupadd -g 60004 dgdba
groupadd -g 60005 kmdba
groupadd -g 60006 racdba
groupadd -g 60007 asm
groupadd -g 60008 oper
useradd -u 61001 -g oinstall -G dba,backupdba,dgdba,kmdba,racdba,asm,oper oracle
3、创建目录并赋予权限
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01
chmod -R 775 /u01
su - oracle
cd /opt/
ls
4、修改资源限制参数
su - root
vim /etc/security/limits.conf
#ORACLE SETTING@oinstall soft nproc 16384@oinstall hard nproc 16384@oinstall soft nofile 16384@oinstall hard nofile 65536@oinstall soft stack 10240@oinstall hard stack 32768@oinstall soft memlock unlimit@oinstall hard memlock unlimit
5、修改内核参数
vim /etc/sysctl.conf
fs.aio-max-nr=1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmmax=5033164800
kernel.shmall= 1228800
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max=1048586
#kernel.panic_on_oops =1
vm.nr_hugepages =2500
生效
sysctl -p
6、配置安全
vi /etc/selinux/config
修改SELINUX=enforceing使其等于SELINUX=disabled
setenforce 0
7、配置Oracle环境变量
su - oracle
vi ~/.bash_profile
export PS1="[`whoami`@`hostname`:"'$PWD]$'
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:/usr/local/bin
export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=p19cdb
export ORACLE_SID=p19cdb
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/lib:$ORACLE_HOME/network/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/network/jlib
export NLS_LANG="SIMPLIFIED CHINESE_CHINA.AL32UTF8"
生效
. .bash_profile
三 安装Oracle数据库
1.解压到Oracle安装目录
cd /opt
unzip -q LINUX.X64_193000_db_home.zip -d $ORACLE_HOME
cd $ORACLE_HOME/install/response
cp db_install.rsp db_install.rsp.bak
2.编辑响应文件
sed -i 's/^oracle.install.option=/oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY/g' db_install.rsp
sed -i 's/^UNIX_GROUP_NAME=/UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall/g' db_install.rsp
sed -i 's#^INVENTORY_LOCATION=#INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oraInventory#g' db_install.rsp
sed -i 's#^ORACLE_HOME=#ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0#g' db_install.rsp
sed -i 's#^ORACLE_BASE=#ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle#g' db_install.rsp
sed -i 's/^oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=/oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE/g' db_install.rsp
sed -i 's/^oracle.install.db.OSDBA_GROUP=/oracle.install.db.OSDBA_GROUP=dba/g' db_install.rsp
sed -i 's/^oracle.install.db.OSOPER_GROUP=/oracle.install.db.OSOPER_GROUP=oper/g' db_install.rsp
sed -i 's/^oracle.install.db.OSBACKUPDBA_GROUP=/oracle.install.db.OSBACKUPDBA_GROUP=backupdba/g' db_install.rsp
sed -i 's/^oracle.install.db.OSDGDBA_GROUP=/oracle.install.db.OSDGDBA_GROUP=dgdba/g' db_install.rsp
sed -i 's/^oracle.install.db.OSKMDBA_GROUP=/oracle.install.db.OSKMDBA_GROUP=kmdba/g' db_install.rsp
sed -i 's/^oracle.install.db.OSRACDBA_GROUP=/oracle.install.db.OSRACDBA_GROUP=racdba/g' db_install.rsp
sed -i 's/^oracle.install.db.rootconfig.executeRootScript=/oracle.install.db.rootconfig.executeRootScript=false/g' db_install.rsp
3.查看是否编辑成功
cat db_install.rsp | grep 'oracle.install.option'
cat db_install.rsp | grep 'UNIX_GROUP_NAME'
cat db_install.rsp | grep 'INVENTORY_LOCATION'
cat db_install.rsp | grep 'ORACLE_HOME'
cat db_install.rsp | grep 'ORACLE_BASE'
cat db_install.rsp | grep 'oracle.install.db.InstallEdition'
cat db_install.rsp | grep 'oracle.install.db.OSDBA_GROUP'
cat db_install.rsp | grep 'oracle.install.db.OSOPER_GROUP'
cat db_install.rsp | grep 'oracle.install.db.OSBACKUPDBA_GROUP'
cat db_install.rsp | grep 'oracle.install.db.OSDGDBA_GROUP'
cat db_install.rsp | grep 'oracle.install.db.OSKMDBA_GROUP'
cat db_install.rsp | grep 'oracle.install.db.OSRACDBA_GROUP'
cat db_install.rsp | grep 'oracle.install.db.rootconfig.executeRootScript'
4.使用响应文件运行Oracle Universal Installer
cd $ORACLE_HOME
./runInstaller -silent -responseFile /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/install/response/db_install.rsp
切换root用户下执行以下命令
/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/root.sh
四 创建Oracle实例
1.配置监听
netca /silent /responseFile /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/assistants/netca/netca.rsp
2.创建数据库
cd /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/assistants/dbca
cp dbca.rsp dbca.rsp.bak
sed -i 's/^gdbName=/gdbName=p19cdb/g' dbca.rsp
sed -i 's/^sid=/sid=p19cdb/g' dbca.rspsed -i 's/^databaseConfigType=/databaseConfigType=SI/g' dbca.rsp
sed -i 's/^templateName=/templateName=General_Purpose.dbc/g' dbca.rspsed -i 's/^sysPassword=/sysPassword=123/g' dbca.rsp
sed -i 's/^systemPassword=/systemPassword=123/g' dbca.rspsed -i 's/^emConfiguration=/emConfiguration=DBEXPRESS/g' dbca.rsp
sed -i 's/^dbsnmpPassword=/dbsnmpPassword=123/g' dbca.rsp
sed -i 's#^datafileDestination=#datafileDestination=/u01/app/oracle/oradata#g' dbca.rsp
sed -i 's/^characterSet=/characterSet=AL32UTF8/g' dbca.rsp
sed -i 's/^totalMemory=/totalMemory=3100/g' dbca.rsp
执行安装
dbca -silent -createDatabase -responseFile /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/assistants/dbca/dbca.rsp
这是密码的格式问题不用管
五 启动数据库
sqlplus / as sysdba
查看实例状态
select instance_name,status from v$instance;
查看数据库状态
select name,open_mode from v$database;
创建表测试一下
create table cs (id number ,name varchar2(10));
insert into cs values (1,'a');
insert into cs values (2,'b');
commit;
select * from cs;
结束
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