🔍 1. 测试准备阶段
1.1 环境预检
# env_check.py
import platform, socket, subprocessdef system_info():print(f"{'='*40}")print(f"🖥️ 系统信息".center(40))print(f"操作系统\t{platform.system()} {platform.release()}")print(f"主机名\t{socket.gethostname()}")print(f"Python\t{platform.python_version()}")def network_info():print(f"\n{'='*40}")print(f"🌐 网络配置".center(40))subprocess.run(["ipconfig", "/all"] if platform.system() == "Windows" else ["ifconfig"])system_info()
network_info
1.2 工具矩阵
| 工具类别 | Windows安装命令 | Linux安装命令 | 核心功能 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 带宽测试 | choco install iperf3 | sudo apt install iperf3 | 网络吞吐量测量 |
| 端口扫描 | choco install nmap | sudo apt install nmap | 服务发现与漏洞检测 |
| 流量分析 | choco install wireshark | sudo apt install wireshark | 数据包捕获与分析 |
| 高级Ping | Install-Module PsPing | sudo apt install fping | 精确延迟测量 |
🧪 2. 基础测试套件
2.1 增强版Ping测试
# ping_advanced.ps1
$targets = @("gateway","114.114.114.114", "8.8.8.8","www.baidu.com"
)$results = foreach ($t in $targets) {$ping = Test-Connection -TargetName $t -Count 10 -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue[PSCustomObject]@{Target = $tAvgLatency = ($ping.ResponseTime | Measure-Object -Average).AveragePacketLoss = (10 - $ping.Count)/10*100}
}$results | Format-Table -AutoSize
$results | Export-Csv -Path "ping_results.csv" -NoTypeInformation
2.2 智能端口扫描
# port_scanner.py
import socket
from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutordef scan_port(host, port):try:with socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) as s:s.settimeout(2)result = s.connect_ex((host, port))return port, result == 0except Exception as e:return port, f"Error: {str(e)}"def full_scan(host, ports=range(1, 1025)):with ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=100) as executor:results = executor.map(lambda p: scan_port(host, p), ports)for port, status in results:if status is True:print(f"✅ Port {port}: OPEN")elif "Error" not in str(status):print(f"❌ Port {port}: CLOSED")if __name__ == "__main__":full_scan("target.example.com")
🚀 3. 进阶测试方案
3.1 全方位带宽压测
# bandwidth_test.sh
#!/bin/bashSERVER_IP="192.168.1.100"
DURATION=60
THREADS=10echo "🔄 启动iPerf3服务端..."
iperf3 -s -p 5201 &echo "⏳ 进行TCP上行测试..."
iperf3 -c $SERVER_IP -t $DURATION -P $THREADS -J > tcp_upload.jsonecho "⏳ 进行TCP下行测试..."
iperf3 -c $SERVER_IP -t $DURATION -P $THREADS -R -J > tcp_download.jsonecho "⏳ 进行UDP测试..."
iperf3 -c $SERVER_IP -t $DURATION -u -b 1G -J > udp_test.jsonecho "📊 生成测试报告..."
python3 generate_report.py tcp_upload.json tcp_download.json udp_test.jsonpkill iperf3
3.2 智能流量分析
# 关键过滤条件库/* 基础过滤 */
icmp || dns || tcp.port == 80 || tcp.port == 443/* 异常检测 */
tcp.analysis.retransmission ||
tcp.analysis.duplicate_ack ||
tcp.analysis.zero_window/* 应用层分析 */
http.request.method == "POST" ||
ssl.handshake.type == 1 ||
dns.qry.name contains "api"
🛠️ 4. 深度问题排查
4.1 网络路径诊断
# network_path.ps1
function Trace-NetworkPath {param ([string]$Target,[int]$MaxHops = 30,[int]$Timeout = 1000)$results = tracert -d -h $MaxHops -w $Timeout $Target | Where-Object { $_ -match "\d+\s+ms" } |ForEach-Object {$parts = $_ -split "\s+"[PSCustomObject]@{Hop = $parts[0]IP = $parts[-2]Latency = $parts[-3..-1] -join "/"}}$results | Export-Csv -Path "tracert_$Target.csv" -NoTypeInformationreturn $results
}Trace-NetworkPath -Target "www.example.com" -MaxHops 15
4.2 综合连接测试
# connection_test.py
import pycurl
from io import BytesIOdef test_endpoint(url):buffer = BytesIO()c = pycurl.Curl()c.setopt(c.URL, url)c.setopt(c.WRITEDATA, buffer)c.setopt(c.TIMEOUT, 10)metrics = {}c.setopt(c.WRITEHEADER, lambda h: metrics.update({'http_code': c.getinfo(c.HTTP_CODE),'connect_time': c.getinfo(c.CONNECT_TIME),'total_time': c.getinfo(c.TOTAL_TIME)}))try:c.perform()return {'status': 'success','metrics': metrics,'response': buffer.getvalue().decode()}except Exception as e:return {'status': 'failed','error': str(e)}finally:c.close()print(test_endpoint("https://www.baidu.com"))
🤖 5. 自动化运维方案
5.1 智能监控系统
# network_monitor.py
import schedule
import time
import json
from datetime import datetimeclass NetworkMonitor:def __init__(self):self.config = self.load_config()def load_config(self):with open('config.json') as f:return json.load(f)def run_tests(self):test_results = {}for test in self.config['tests']:# 执行各类测试...test_results[test['name']] = self.execute_test(test)self.generate_report(test_results)def execute_test(self, test_config):# 实现具体测试逻辑passdef generate_report(self, results):filename = f"report_{datetime.now().strftime('%Y%m%d_%H%M%S')}.html"# 生成报告...print(f"报告已生成: {filename}")if __name__ == "__main__":monitor = NetworkMonitor()schedule.every(15).minutes.do(monitor.run_tests)while True:schedule.run_pending()time.sleep(1)
5.2 可视化报告模板
<!-- report_template.html -->
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head><title>网络测试报告 - {{ date }}</title><style>.dashboard {display: grid;grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);gap: 20px;}.metric-card {border: 1px solid #ddd;padding: 15px;border-radius: 5px;}.critical {background-color: #ffebee;}</style>
</head>
<body><h1>网络健康报告</h1><div class="dashboard">{% for test in tests %}<div class="metric-card {% if test.status == 'critical' %}critical{% endif %}"><h3>{{ test.name }}</h3><p>状态: <strong>{{ test.status }}</strong></p><p>延迟: {{ test.latency }} ms</p><p>时间: {{ test.timestamp }}</p></div>{% endfor %}</div>
</body>
</html>
🏢 6. 企业最佳实践
6.1 网络优化路线图
6.2 企业级检查清单
-
基础设施
- 核心交换机冗余配置
- 防火墙规则审计
- UPS电源测试
-
性能标准
- 办公网络延迟 <50ms
- 数据中心丢包率 <0.1%
- 跨境专线可用性 >99.9%
-
安全合规
- 网络设备固件更新
- 访问控制列表(ACL)审核
- 安全日志保留90天
📎 附录资源
A. 速查手册
# 常用诊断命令
ping -c 5 target.com # 基础连通性
mtr --report target.com # 实时路由追踪
ss -tulnp # 活动连接查看
tcpdump -i eth0 port 80 -w capture.pcap # 流量捕获
B. 技术支持
🌐 知识库: https://6v6.ren
C. 版本历史
| 版本 | 日期 | 更新说明 |
|---|---|---|
| v2.1 | 2023-07-15 | 新增自动化监控方案 |
| v2.0 | 2023-06-01 | 企业级最佳实践章节 |
| v1.0 | 2023-05-10 | 初始版本发布 |
