搭建linux nfs服务远程调试环境文章目录搭建linux nfs服务远程调试环境1.确认网卡名2.永久静态 IP修改 /etc/network/interfaces推荐3.在百问网imxull开发板、虚拟机双网卡基础上配置同网段网络环境其他问题1.确认网卡名ip a # 或 ifconfig操作实录# ip a 1: lo: LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue qlen 1 link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: eth0: BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000 link/ether 8e:b1:7d:cc:28:80 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.101.8/24 scope global eth0 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::8cb1:7dff:fecc:2880/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 3: sit0NONE: NOARP mtu 1480 qdisc noop qlen 1 link/sit 0.0.0.0 brd 0.0.0.0 # ifconfig eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 8E:B1:7D:CC:28:80 inet addr:192.168.101.8 Bcast:0.0.0.0 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::8cb1:7dff:fecc:2880/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:765 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:12 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:73733 (72.0 KiB) TX bytes:1008 (1008.0 B) lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)2.永久静态 IP修改 /etc/network/interfaces推荐vi /etc/network/interfaces把文件内容改成下面这样直接复制替换auto lo iface lo inet loopback auto eth0 iface eth0 inet static address 192.168.5.20 netmask 255.255.255.0 gateway 192.168.5.1 dns-nameservers 114.114.114.114address你要的固定 IP192.168.5.20netmask子网掩码255.255.255.0gateway网关一般是路由器 192.168.5.1dns-nameserversDNS保证能解析域名保存退出vi 里按Esc→ 输入:wq→ 回车。重启网络立即生效# 关闭再打开网卡 ifdown eth0 ifup eth0 # 或者直接重启网络服务Buildroot 常用 /etc/init.d/S40network restart操作实录# vi /etc/network/interfaces # cat ^C # cat /etc/network/interfaces # interface file auto-generated by buildroot auto lo iface lo inet loopback auto eth0 iface eth0 inet static address 192.168.5.20 netmask 255.255.255.0 gateway 192.168.5.1 dns-nameservers 114.114.114.114 # /etc/init.d/S40network restart Stopping network: [ 5412.502802] net eth0: ingenic_mac_interrupt::Receiver stopped seeing Rx interrupts [ 5412.510623] net eth0: ingenic_mac_interrupt::Transmitter stopped sending the packets OK Starting network: [ 5412.562012] dwc-mac 134a0000.mac: no support power gpio [ 5412.625016] Bus Mode Reg after reset: 0x00020101, cnt0 [ 5412.731267] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): eth0: link is not ready OK # [ 5414.410236] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): eth0: link becomes ready # # ifdown eth0 ifup eth0[ 5430.729996] net eth0: ingenic_mac_interrupt::Receiver stopped seeing Rx interrupts [ 5430.737835] net eth0: ingenic_mac_interrupt::Transmitter stopped sending the packets # ifup eth0[ 5431.410021] dwc-mac 134a0000.mac eth0: Link is Down [ 5446.837647] dwc-mac 134a0000.mac: no support power gpio [ 5446.904987] Bus Mode Reg after reset: 0x00020101, cnt0 [ 5447.010903] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): eth0: link is not ready # # [ 5449.410226] dwc-mac 134a0000.mac eth0: Link is Up - 100Mbps/Full - flow control rx/tx [ 5449.418331] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): eth0: link becomes ready开机后# ip a 1: lo: LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue qlen 1 link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: eth0: BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000 link/ether 6e:a1:40:f7:58:92 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.5.20/24 scope global eth0 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::6ca1:40ff:fef7:5892/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 3: sit0NONE: NOARP mtu 1480 qdisc noop qlen 1 link/sit 0.0.0.0 brd 0.0.0.0 # ping 192.168.5.10 PING 192.168.5.10 (192.168.5.10): 56 data bytes 64 bytes from 192.168.5.10: seq0 ttl128 time0.659 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.5.10: seq1 ttl128 time0.619 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.5.10: seq2 ttl128 time0.649 ms静态ip设置成功3.在百问网imxull开发板、虚拟机双网卡基础上配置同网段网络环境不是百问网的板子也不影响买一个他们配套的usb转网卡的线其他厂家也可重点是连接到主机上有对应的虚拟网卡可以配置静态ip 虚拟机必须有一个桥接模式 双网卡的话还有一个net模式可以上网连接开发板两不误开发板192.168.5.20 主机192.168.5.10 虚拟机192.168.5.11虚拟机配置参照****配置完即可互ping其他问题解决方法echo export PS1\u\h:\w\$ /etc/profile讲解echo “内容”echo是 Shell 里的输出命令这里用来把引号里的内容打印输出。/etc/profile是追加写入操作符会把前面echo输出的内容添加到文件末尾而不是覆盖原文件。/etc/profile是 Linux 系统的全局环境变量配置文件所有用户登录 Shell 时都会自动执行这个文件里的命令。所以这部分的意思是把前面的配置命令追加写入到/etc/profile文件的末尾实现全局永久生效。export PS1\u\h:\w\$ 这是核心配置我们再拆开export PS1...PS1是 Shell 的主提示符环境变量它控制了终端显示的格式。export是把这个变量导出为环境变量让所有子进程都能继承这个设置。\u\h:\w\$这一串占位符占位符含义示例\u当前登录的用户名root\h主机名第一个.前的部分100ask\w当前工作目录的完整路径/root或/mnt/nfs\$提示符符号root 用户显示#普通用户显示$#root\h主机名第一个.前的部分100ask\w当前工作目录的完整路径/root或/mnt/nfs\$提示符符号root 用户显示#普通用户显示$#开机自启动挂载192.168.5.11:/home/book/nfs_share /mnt/nfs nfs defaults,nolock,soft 0 0开发板专属参数说明nolock必须加禁用文件锁否则嵌入式系统 NFS 挂载失败soft软挂载挂载失败时不会卡死系统推荐不要加 hard 参数否则网络断了会导致系统卡死上面失败了就用这种方式vi/etc/init.d/rcS在文件最后一行添加一定要在最后# 等待网络就绪后挂载NFSsleep2mkdir-p/mnt/nfsmount-tnfs-onolock,soft192.168.5.11:/home/book/nfs_share /mnt/nfs# 挂载成功提示if[$?-eq0];thenechoecho✅ NFS自动挂载成功: /mnt/nfsechoelseecho❌ NFS挂载失败请检查网络fi