1.创建pfile.ora文件SQL create pfile/home/oracle/pfile.ora from spfile;2.关闭数据库后启动至mount状态SQL shutdown immediate;SQL STARTUP MOUNT;3.在命令行中输入nid命令进行修改修改成功后数据库会自动关闭nid target/ DBNAME新名字例如[oracleCJQYY dbs]$ nid target/ DBNAMEwebemrcsDBNEWID: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Fri Jul 24 23:28:21 2026Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.Connected to database PTDB (DBID1833283942)Connected to server version 19.19.0Control Files in database:/data/webemrcs/control01.ctl/data/webemrcs/control02.ctlChange database ID and database name PTDB to WEBEMRCS? (Y/[N]) YProceeding with operationChanging database ID from 1833283942 to 140534101Changing database name from PTDB to WEBEMRCSControl File /data/webemrcs/control01.ctl - modifiedControl File /data/webemrcs/control02.ctl - modifiedDatafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/system.268.113823270 - dbid changed, wrote new nameDatafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/sysaux.261.113823273 - dbid changed, wrote new nameDatafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/undotbs1.264.113823275 - dbid changed, wrote new nameDatafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/system.312.113823326 - dbid changed, wrote new nameDatafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/sysaux.311.113823326 - dbid changed, wrote new nameDatafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/users.267.113823275 - dbid changed, wrote new nameDatafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/undotbs1.310.113823326 - dbid changed, wrote new nameDatafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/undotbs2.308.113823347 - dbid changed, wrote new nameDatafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/system.302.113823839 - dbid changed, wrote new nameDatafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/sysaux.304.113823839 - dbid changed, wrote new nameDatafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/undotbs1.303.113823839 - dbid changed, wrote new nameDatafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/csformbasic.300.113823863 - dbid changed, wrote new nameDatafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/csformbus.299.113823863 - dbid changed, wrote new nameDatafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/csformbushisdata.331.113823863 - dbid changed, wrote new nameDatafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/csformcontenthisdata.332.113823864 - dbid changed, wrote new nameDatafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/maaihisdata.333.113823864 - dbid changed, wrote new nameDatafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/meddocbase.334.113823865 - dbid changed, wrote new nameDatafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/meddocbus.335.113823865 - dbid changed, wrote new nameDatafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/meddocbushisdata.336.113823865 - dbid changed, wrote new nameDatafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/meddoccontenthisdata.337.113823866 - dbid changed, wrote new nameDatafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/med_i_doc.338.113823866 - dbid changed, wrote new nameDatafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/scoresbushisdata.340.113823867 - dbid changed, wrote new nameDatafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/scorescontenthisdata.341.113823867 - dbid changed, wrote new nameDatafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/zlemrbushisdata.342.113823868 - dbid changed, wrote new nameDatafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/zlemrcontenthisdata.343.113823868 - dbid changed, wrote new nameDatafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/zl_basic_config.344.113823868 - dbid changed, wrote new nameDatafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/zl_maai.345.113823869 - dbid changed, wrote new nameDatafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/zl_qcrule.346.113823870 - dbid changed, wrote new nameDatafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/zl_scores.347.113823871 - dbid changed, wrote new nameDatafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/zl_zlemr.348.113823872 - dbid changed, wrote new nameDatafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/users.350.113823940 - dbid changed, wrote new nameDatafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/undo_2.351.113824333 - dbid changed, wrote new nameDatafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/zl_zlemr02.db - dbid changed, wrote new nameDatafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/zl_zlemr03.db - dbid changed, wrote new nameDatafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/zl_zlemr04.db - dbid changed, wrote new nameDatafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/zl_zlemr05.db - dbid changed, wrote new nameDatafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/csformbus02.db - dbid changed, wrote new nameDatafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/temp.309.113823328 - dbid changed, wrote new nameDatafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/temp.db - dbid changed, wrote new nameDatafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/temp02.db - dbid changed, wrote new nameDatafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/tempb.db - dbid changed, wrote new nameDatafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/temp_new.db - dbid changed, wrote new nameControl File /data/webemrcs/control01.ctl - dbid changed, wrote new nameControl File /data/webemrcs/control02.ctl - dbid changed, wrote new nameInstance shut downDatabase name changed to WEBEMRCS.Modify parameter file and generate a new password file before restarting.Database ID for database WEBEMRCS changed to 140534101.All previous backups and archived redo logs for this database are unusable.Database has been shutdown, open database with RESETLOGS option.Succesfully changed database name and ID.DBNEWID - Completed succesfully.###按上面的提示可以选择重建密码文件也可以不重建如果ORACLE_SID未变化的话可以远程连接验证一下4.修改pfile.ora中的db_name5.以修改后的pfile.ora文件启动至nomount然后创建新的spfile然后以spfile启动至nomountSQL STARTUP NOMOUNT pfile/home/oracle/pfile.ora;SQL create spfile from pfile/home/oracle/pfile.ora;SQL shutdown immediate;SQL STARTUP NOMOUNT6.启动至mount然后以resetlogs打开SQL alter database mount;SQL alter database open resetlogs;7.验证SQL show parameter name-------------------------备注可以更方便不创建pfile在nid转换后直接STARTUP MOUNT;ALTER SYSTEM SET DB_NAME新db_name SCOPESPFILE;SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;重新启动并 RESETLOGSSTARTUP MOUNT;ALTER DATABASE OPEN RESETLOGS;SHOW PARAMETER DB_NAME;SELECT DBID, NAME FROM V$DATABASE;