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背景：需要使用redis注解方式，缓存数据。

要求1：需要对复杂传参进行处理。（使用自定义模板）（提供两个是为了说明redis可以自定义n个模板提供调用）

要求2：需要设置过期时间。（注解不支持设置过期时间，所以需要修改解析方法）

一、引入依赖

 <dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId><optional>true</optional></dependency>

二、修改启动类和配置文件

@EnableCaching
public class WebApplication extends SpringBootServletInitializer 

spring:cache:type: redisredis:# Redis数据库索引（默认为0）database: 0# Redis服务器地址host: 127.0.0.1# Redis服务器连接端口port: 6379# Redis服务器连接密码（默认为空）password:# 连接超时时间（毫秒）timeout: 1000

三、添加两个自定义解析模板

1. 模板1

   package ffcs.zzk.redis.config;import org.springframework.cache.CacheManager;
   import org.springframework.cache.interceptor.KeyGenerator;
   import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
   import org.springframework.data.redis.cache.RedisCacheManager;
   import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnectionFactory;
   import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;import java.lang.reflect.Method;
   import java.util.HashMap;
   import java.util.List;
   import java.util.Map;@Component
   public class CustomKeyGenerator implements KeyGenerator {@Overridepublic Object generate(Object target, Method method, Object... params) {String id = params[0].toString();List<Map<String, Object>> datas = (List<Map<String, Object>>) params[1];StringBuilder keyBuilder = new StringBuilder();keyBuilder.append(id+"-");for (Map<String, Object> data : datas) {if (data.containsKey("name") && data.containsKey("age")) {keyBuilder.append(data.get("name").toString());keyBuilder.append("_");keyBuilder.append(data.get("age").toString());keyBuilder.append("-");}}return keyBuilder.toString();}}

2. 模板2

   package ffcs.zzk.redis.config;import org.springframework.cache.interceptor.KeyGenerator;
   import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;import java.lang.reflect.Method;
   import java.util.List;
   import java.util.Map;@Component
   public class CustomKeyGenerator2 implements KeyGenerator {@Overridepublic Object generate(Object target, Method method, Object... params) {String id = params[0].toString();List<Map<String, Object>> datas = (List<Map<String, Object>>) params[1];StringBuilder keyBuilder = new StringBuilder();keyBuilder.append(id+"|");for (Map<String, Object> data : datas) {if (data.containsKey("name") && data.containsKey("age")) {keyBuilder.append(data.get("name").toString());keyBuilder.append("_");keyBuilder.append(data.get("age").toString());keyBuilder.append("|");}}return keyBuilder.toString();}}

四、配置自定义方法解析

package ffcs.zzk.redis.config;
import org.springframework.data.redis.cache.*;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.RedisSerializationContext;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;import java.time.Duration;public class CustomRedisCacheManager extends RedisCacheManager {public CustomRedisCacheManager(RedisCacheWriter cacheWriter, RedisCacheConfiguration defaultCacheConfiguration) {super(cacheWriter, defaultCacheConfiguration);}/*** 重写createRedisCache方法* @param name 原来的name只是作为redis存储键名*             重写的name可通过"#"拼接过期时间：*             1. 如果没有"#"则默认不设置过期时间*             2. 拼接的第一个"#"后面为过期时间，第二个"#"后面为时间单位*             3. 时间单位的表示使用: d(天)、h(小时)、m(分钟)、s(秒), 默认为h(小时)* @param cacheConfig* @return*/@Overrideprotected RedisCache createRedisCache(String name, RedisCacheConfiguration cacheConfig) {// 解析name,设置过期时间if (name!=null && name.contains("#")) {String[] split = name.split("#");// 缓存键名String cacheName = split[0];// "#"后第一位是时间int expire = Integer.parseInt(split[1]);// 过期时间，默认为h(小时)Duration duration = Duration.ofHours(expire);// 根据"#"后第二位字符判断过期时间的单位，设置相应的过期时间，默认时间单位是h(小时)if (split.length == 3) {switch (split[2]){case "d":duration = Duration.ofDays(expire);break;case "m":duration = Duration.ofMinutes(expire);break;case "s":duration = Duration.ofSeconds(expire);break;default:duration = Duration.ofHours(expire);}}return super.createRedisCache(cacheName, cacheConfig.entryTtl(duration));}return super.createRedisCache(name, cacheConfig);}
}

五、调用自定义解析

package ffcs.zzk.redis.config;import ffcs.zzk.redis.config.CustomRedisCacheManager;
import org.springframework.cache.CacheManager;
import org.springframework.cache.interceptor.KeyGenerator;
import org.springframework.cache.interceptor.SimpleKeyGenerator;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.data.redis.cache.RedisCacheConfiguration;
import org.springframework.data.redis.cache.RedisCacheManager;
import org.springframework.data.redis.cache.RedisCacheWriter;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.RedisSerializationContext;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer;import java.util.Objects;/*** @author 天真热* @create 2022-09-24 13:37* @desc**/
@Configuration
public class RedisConfiguration {/*** 调用自定义的方法处理注解* @param redisTemplate* @return*/@Bean@SuppressWarnings(value = {"unchecked", "rawtypes"})public RedisCacheManager redisCacheManager(RedisTemplate redisTemplate) {RedisCacheWriter redisCacheWriter = RedisCacheWriter.nonLockingRedisCacheWriter(Objects.requireNonNull(redisTemplate.getConnectionFactory()));RedisCacheConfiguration redisCacheConfiguration = RedisCacheConfiguration.defaultCacheConfig()// 设置key采用String的序列化方式.serializeKeysWith(RedisSerializationContext.SerializationPair.fromSerializer(StringRedisSerializer.UTF_8))//设置value序列化.serializeValuesWith(RedisSerializationContext.SerializationPair.fromSerializer(redisTemplate.getValueSerializer()));return new CustomRedisCacheManager(redisCacheWriter, redisCacheConfiguration);}/*** @param redisConnectionFactory：配置不同的客户端，这里注入的redis连接工厂不同： JedisConnectionFactory、LettuceConnectionFactory* @功能描述 ：配置Redis序列化，原因如下：* （1） StringRedisTemplate的序列化方式为字符串序列化，* RedisTemplate的序列化方式默为jdk序列化（实现Serializable接口）* （2） RedisTemplate的jdk序列化方式在Redis的客户端中为乱码，不方便查看，* 因此一般修改RedisTemplate的序列化为方式为JSON方式【建议使用GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer】*/@Beanpublic RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory) {GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer genericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer = serializer();RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate = new RedisTemplate<>();// key采用String的序列化方式redisTemplate.setKeySerializer(StringRedisSerializer.UTF_8);// value序列化方式采用jacksonredisTemplate.setValueSerializer(genericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer);// hash的key也采用String的序列化方式redisTemplate.setHashKeySerializer(StringRedisSerializer.UTF_8);//hash的value序列化方式采用jacksonredisTemplate.setHashValueSerializer(genericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer);redisTemplate.setConnectionFactory(redisConnectionFactory);return redisTemplate;}/*** 此方法不能用@Ben注解，避免替换Spring容器中的同类型对象*/public GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer serializer() {return new GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer();}
}

六、缓存示例

1. 简单测试

   package ffcs.zzk.redis;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
   import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
   import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;import java.util.ArrayList;
   import java.util.HashMap;
   import java.util.List;
   import java.util.Map;/*** @author 天真热* @create 2024-02-19 19:42* @desc**/
   @RestController
   @RequestMapping("/redis")
   public class RedisController {@AutowiredRedisService redisService;@RequestMapping("/test")public String test() {return redisService.getdata();}@RequestMapping("/test1")public String test1() {List<Map<String,Object>> datas=new ArrayList<>();Map map1=new HashMap();map1.put("name","小白");map1.put("age","10");datas.add(map1);Map map2=new HashMap();map2.put("name","小都");map2.put("age","15");datas.add(map2);Map map3=new HashMap();map3.put("name","小的");map3.put("age","19");datas.add(map3);return redisService.addCacheByMethod(10,datas);}@RequestMapping("/test2")public String test2() {List<Map<String,Object>> datas=new ArrayList<>();Map map1=new HashMap();map1.put("name","小白");map1.put("age","10");datas.add(map1);Map map2=new HashMap();map2.put("name","小都");map2.put("age","15");datas.add(map2);Map map3=new HashMap();map3.put("name","小的");map3.put("age","19");datas.add(map3);return redisService.addCacheByMethod2(10,datas);}}

   package ffcs.zzk.redis;import org.springframework.cache.annotation.Cacheable;
   import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
   import java.util.Date;
   import java.util.HashMap;
   import java.util.List;
   import java.util.Map;/*** @author 天真热* @create 2024-02-19 19:42* @desc**/
   @Service
   public class RedisService {@Cacheable(value = "space", key = "'key'", sync = true)public String getdata() {SimpleDateFormat sf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");return sf.format(new Date());}@Cacheable(value = "space#3#s", keyGenerator = "customKeyGenerator")public String addCacheByMethod(int id, List<Map<String, Object>> datas) {Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();map.put("name", "demo");map.put("value", "this is " + id + " cache");return "xxxx";}@Cacheable(value = "space#3#s", keyGenerator = "customKeyGenerator2")public String addCacheByMethod2(int id, List<Map<String, Object>> datas) {Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();map.put("name", "demo");map.put("value", "this is " + id + " cache");return "xxxx";}
   }