博客自助建站_瑞安自适应网站建设_磁力猫最佳搜索引擎入口_seo网站关键词排名优化公司

文章目录

Nacos
- 注册中心 + 负载均衡
- - 依赖注入
  - 整合配置
  - 调用配置
- 配置中心
- - 分环境配置
  - 读取配置信息
- 总结
OpenFeign
- 日志 + OpenFeign 配置
- 拦截器
Gateway
- 基础配置
- 自定义断言工厂和过滤器

Nacos

nacos下载地址

# 1. 进入bin目录下打开命令行
# 2. windows启动nacos
startup.cmd -m standalone
# 2. linux启动nacos
startup.sh -m standalone
# 3. 启动后访问网址
http://localhost:8848/nacos/

项目对应版本依赖文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><parent><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId><version>3.3.4</version><relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --></parent><packaging>pom</packaging><groupId>com.hebut</groupId><artifactId>cloud_demo</artifactId><version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version><properties><maven.compiler.source>17</maven.compiler.source><maven.compiler.target>17</maven.compiler.target><project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding><spring-cloud.version>2023.0.3</spring-cloud.version><spring-cloud-alibaba.version>2023.0.3.2</spring-cloud-alibaba.version></properties><dependencyManagement><dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId><version>${spring-cloud.version}</version><type>pom</type><scope>import</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId><version>${spring-cloud-alibaba.version}</version><type>pom</type><scope>import</scope></dependency></dependencies></dependencyManagement><build><plugins><plugin><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId></plugin></plugins></build>
</project>

注册中心 + 负载均衡

依赖注入

<!-- 服务发现 -->
<dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- 负载均衡 -->
<dependency><groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-loadbalancer</artifactId>
</dependency>

整合配置

编写配置文件 application.properties

# nacos地址
spring.cloud.nacos.discovery.server-addr=127.0.0.1:8848
# 服务名称
spring.application.name=service-order
# 端口
server.port=8080

开启服务注册/发现功能

@EnableDiscoveryClient //服务发现核心注解
@SpringBootApplication
public class OrderMainApplication {public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(OrderMainApplication.class, args);}}

调用配置

获取配置信息

    @AutowiredDiscoveryClient discoveryClient;// 获取所有服务名称for (String service : discoveryClient.getServices()) {System.out.println(service);// 获取服务实例for (ServiceInstance instance : discoveryClient.getInstances(service)) {// 打印服务实例信息 ip + port + uriSystem.out.println(instance.getHost() + "\t" + instance.getPort() + "\t" + instance.getUri());}}

调用配置 + 负载均衡

@Autowired
LoadBalancerClient loadBalancerClient;// 1. 获取商品服务所在的所有机器的 ip + port
ServiceInstance choose = loadBalancerClient.choose("service-product");
// 2. 调用商品服务
String url = "http://" + choose.getHost() + ":" + choose.getPort() + "/product/" + id;
log.info("远程调用地址： " + url);

另一种调用配置 + 负载均衡

@Configuration
public class OrderServiceConfig {@LoadBalanced@Beanpublic RestTemplate restTemplate() {return new RestTemplate();}}

@Autowired
RestTemplate restTemplate;// 用 服务名字service-product 动态确定服务地址
String url = "http://service-product/product/" + id;
Product product = restTemplate.getForObject(url, Product.class);

配置中心

        <!-- 配置中心 --><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-config</artifactId></dependency>

分环境配置

在这里插入图片描述

创建 application.yml文件删除原来的.properties文件

server:port: 8080
spring:application:name: service-ordercloud:nacos:server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848config:namespace: devconfig:import:- nacos:common.properties?group=order- nacos:database.properties?group=order

读取配置信息

在这里插入图片描述

把所有 import的配置文件中以 order开头的配置都获取到

@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "order") // 外部config配置优先
@Data
public class OrderProperties {private String timeout;// 驼峰映射private String autoConfirm;private String url;
}

// 方法一  不推荐！！！
@RefreshScope // 动态刷新nacos配置文件
@RestController
public class OrderController {// 获取nacos的配置文件内容@Value("${order.timeout}")String orderTimeout;@Value("${order.auto-confirm}")String orderAutoConfirm;@Value("${order.url}")String orderUrl;

// 方法二  推荐！！！@AutowiredOrderProperties orderProperties;@GetMapping("/config")public String config() {return orderProperties.getTimeout() + " ; " + orderProperties.getAutoConfirm() + " ; " + orderProperties.getUrl();}

监听配置内容

@EnableDiscoveryClient  // 开启服务注册与发现
@SpringBootApplication
public class OrderApplication {public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(OrderApplication.class, args);}@BeanApplicationRunner applicationRunner(NacosConfigManager nacosConfigManager) {return args -> {nacosConfigManager.getConfigService().addListener("service-order.properties", "DEFAULT_GROUP", new Listener() {@Overridepublic Executor getExecutor() {return Executors.newFixedThreadPool(4);}@Overridepublic void receiveConfigInfo(String s) {System.out.println("接收到配置信息：" + s);}});};}
}

总结

在这里插入图片描述

OpenFeign

openfeign官方文档

        <!-- openfeign --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId></dependency>

兜底回调只有引入和配置了 sentinel 才能生效否则会报错

@Component
public class ProductFeignFallback implements ProductFeignClient {@Overridepublic Product getProductById(Long id) {System.out.println("兜底回调");Product product = new Product();product.setId(id);product.setPrice(new BigDecimal("0"));product.setNum(0);product.setProductName("测试商品");return product;}
}

发送请求接口

@FeignClient(value = "service-product",fallback = ProductFeignFallback.class)
public interface ProductFeignClient {// 发送请求@GetMapping("/product/{id}")Product getProductById(@PathVariable("id") Long id);
}

调用接口

    @AutowiredProductFeignClient productFeignClient;Product product = productFeignClient.getProductById(productId);

需要在启动类上面加上注解 !!!

@EnableFeignClients // 开启feign远程调用客户端

日志 + OpenFeign 配置

在这里插入图片描述

application.yml 配置文件编写

server:port: 8080
spring:application:name: service-ordercloud:nacos:server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848config:namespace: devconfig:import:- nacos:common.properties?group=order- nacos:database.properties?group=orderprofiles:# 调用resources下的其他配置文件include: feign
logging:level:com.hebut.order.feign: debug

feign 配置文件编写

spring:cloud:openfeign:client:config:default:connectTimeout: 2000readTimeout: 5000
#            retryer: feign.Retryer.Default

@Configuration
public class OrderServiceConfig {// feign的debug日志@BeanLogger.Level feignLoggerLevel() {return Logger.Level.FULL;}// 连接超时或读取超时后重新发送请求的策略@BeanRetryer retryer() {// 不传参数就是默认return new Retryer.Default(100, SECONDS.toMillis(1), 5);}
}

拦截器

以请求拦截器为例

@Component
public class TokenRequestInterceptor implements RequestInterceptor {@Overridepublic void apply(RequestTemplate requestTemplate) {System.out.println("TokenRequestInterceptor");// 设置请求头的tokenrequestTemplate.header("token", "admin");}
}

利用 HttpServletRequest request 获取请求头的内容

    @GetMapping("/product/{id}")public Product getProductById(@PathVariable("id") Long id,HttpServletRequest request) {Product product = productService.getProductById(id);System.out.println(request.getHeader("token"));return product;}

Gateway

基础配置

        <dependency><groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-loadbalancer</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId></dependency>

@EnableDiscoveryClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class GatewayApplication {public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(GatewayApplication.class, args);}
}

在这里插入图片描述

server:port: 80
spring:application:name: gatewaycloud:nacos:discovery:server-addr: localhost:8848profiles:include: gateway

spring:cloud:gateway:# 跨域corsglobalcors:cors-configurations:'[/**]':allowedOrigins: "*"allowedMethods: "*"allowedHeaders: "*"# 路由routes:# id 需要唯一- id: order-route# 需要访问的urluri: lb://service-order# 满足断言则访问上面的urlpredicates:- Path=/api/order/**# 访问url前的过滤器filters:- name: StripPrefixargs:parts: 2- Token=token,jwt- id: product-routeuri: lb://service-productpredicates:- Path=/api/product/**- id: bing-routeuri: https://cn.bing.com/predicates:- name: Pathargs:patterns: /search- name: Queryargs:param: qregexp: hello#            - Vip=user,zuo- name: Vipargs:param: uservalue: zuo# 全局过滤器default-filters:- AddResponseHeader=X-Request-Foo, Zuo

自定义断言工厂和过滤器

gateway官方文档

断言工厂

@Component
public class VipRoutePredicateFactory extends AbstractRoutePredicateFactory<VipRoutePredicateFactory.Config> {public VipRoutePredicateFactory() {super(Config.class);}@Overridepublic Predicate<ServerWebExchange> apply(Config config) {return new GatewayPredicate(){@Overridepublic boolean test(ServerWebExchange exchange) {String vip = exchange.getRequest().getQueryParams().getFirst(config.getParam());return vip != null && vip.equals(config.getValue());}};}public List<String> shortcutFieldOrder() {return Arrays.asList("param", "value");}public static class Config {private String param;private String value;public String getParam() {return param;}public void setParam(String param) {this.param = param;}public String getValue() {return value;}public void setValue(String value) {this.value = value;}}}

过滤器

@Component
public class TokenGatewayFilterFactory extends AbstractNameValueGatewayFilterFactory {@Overridepublic GatewayFilter apply(NameValueConfig config) {return new GatewayFilter() {@Overridepublic Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain) {return chain.filter(exchange).then(Mono.fromRunnable(() -> {// TODO: 添加token校验逻辑ServerHttpResponse response = exchange.getResponse();HttpHeaders headers = response.getHeaders();String value = config.getValue();if ("uuid".equalsIgnoreCase(value)) {value = UUID.randomUUID().toString();}if ("jwt".equalsIgnoreCase(value)) {value = "jwt.Token";}headers.add(config.getName(), value);}));}};}
}

全局过滤器

@Component
@Slf4j
public class GlobalFilter implements org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.GlobalFilter, Ordered {@Overridepublic Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain) {ServerHttpRequest request = exchange.getRequest();ServerHttpResponse response = exchange.getResponse();String url = request.getURI().getPath();long start = System.currentTimeMillis();log.info("请求路径:{}, 开始时间:{}",url,start);// 前置处理//拦截器Mono<Void> filter = chain.filter(exchange).doFinally(s -> {long end = System.currentTimeMillis();// .doFinally 是后置处理log.info("请求结束:{}, 结束时间:{}, 耗时:{}",url,end,end-start);});return filter;}@Overridepublic int getOrder() {return 0;}
}