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启动服务是报错

[root@localhost mysql]# systemctl start mysqld
Job for mysqld.service failed because the control process exited with error code. See "systemctl status mysqld.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.
[root@localhost mysql]# systemctl status mysqld.service
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: failed (Result: start-limit) since Tue 2025-03-11 21:12:32 CST; 40s ago
     Docs: man:mysqld(8)
           http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
  Process: 9276 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld $MYSQLD_OPTS (code=exited, status=3)
  Process: 9246 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 9276 (code=exited, status=3)
   Status: "InnoDB initialization in progress"

Mar 11 21:12:32 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Failed to start MySQL Server.
Mar 11 21:12:32 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Unit mysqld.service entered failed state.
Mar 11 21:12:32 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: mysqld.service failed.
Mar 11 21:12:32 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: mysqld.service holdoff time over, scheduling restart.
Mar 11 21:12:32 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Stopped MySQL Server.
Mar 11 21:12:32 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: start request repeated too quickly for mysqld.service
Mar 11 21:12:32 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Failed to start MySQL Server.
Mar 11 21:12:32 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Unit mysqld.service entered failed state.
Mar 11 21:12:32 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: mysqld.service failed.
 

通过查询mysql的log 在 /var/log/mysqld.log

1.
2025-03-11T13:07:19.142618Z 1 [System] [MY-013576] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has started.
2025-03-11T13:07:19.163504Z 1 [ERROR] [MY-012592] [InnoDB] Operating system error number 2 in a file operation.
2025-03-11T13:07:19.163547Z 1 [ERROR] [MY-012593] [InnoDB] The error means the system cannot find the path specified.
2025-03-11T13:07:19.163564Z 1 [ERROR] [MY-012594] [InnoDB] If you are installing InnoDB, remember that you must create directories yourself, InnoDB does not create them.
2025-03-11T13:07:19.163581Z 1 [ERROR] [MY-012646] [InnoDB] File ./ibdata1: 'open' returned OS error 71. Cannot continue operation
2025-03-11T13:07:19.163597Z 1 [ERROR] [MY-012981] [InnoDB] Cannot continue operation.
2025-03-11T13:12:29.124484Z 0 [System] [MY-015017] [Server] MySQL Server Initialization - start.
2025-03-11T13:12:29.129041Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 8.4.0) initializing of server in progress as process 9093
2025-03-11T13:12:29.133862Z 0 [ERROR] [MY-010457] [Server] --initialize specified but the data directory has files in it. Aborting.
2025-03-11T13:12:29.133918Z 0 [ERROR] [MY-013236] [Server] The designated data directory /var/lib/mysql/ is unusable. You can remove all files that the server added to it.
2025-03-11T13:12:29.134018Z 0 [ERROR] [MY-010119] [Server] Aborting
2025-03-11T13:12:29.135197Z 0 [System] [MY-015018] [Server] MySQL Server Initialization - end.
2025-03-11T13:12:29.169501Z 0 [System] [MY-015015] [Server] MySQL Server - start.
2025-03-11T13:12:29.398513Z 0 [System] [MY-010116] [Server] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 8.4.0) starting as process 9096
 

经查询得知，需要手动创建data目录并且添加到my.cnf中

datadir=/var/lib/mysql/data
 

启动MySQL的服务成功