思路:双指针思路可以吗,我就直接找G,如果后一个是1就cnt++,如果不是数字,用一个指针i指向G,另一个指针j移动,当不是G时停止,统计G的个数,如果是奇数个同时G的下一个是1,cnt++,如果为偶数同时G的下一个是1,就用那唯一一次机会G的国特抵消一次,cnt++,此后不再对偶数个G进行cnt++,同时把i移动到j指向G位置,就这样一直遍历字符串;
s = input()
cnt = 0
king_used = False
i = 0
while i < len(s):if s[i] == 'G':if i + 1 < len(s):if s[i + 1] == '1':cnt += 1i += 2continueelif s[i + 1] in ['2', '3']:i += 2continueelse:j = i + 1while j < len(s) and s[j] == 'G':j += 1g_count = j - iif g_count % 2 == 1:cnt += 1elif g_count % 2 == 0 and not king_used:cnt += 1king_used = Truei = jelse:i += 1else:i += 1print(cnt)
转c++
我不知道为啥我c++代码过不了,但是python嫩果
一、MySQL 基础语句
1. 数据库操作
创建数据库
CREATE DATABASE school_db;
删除数据库
DROP DATABASE school_db;
选择数据库
USE school_db;
2. 表操作
创建表
CREATE TABLE students (student_id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,name VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,age INT,gender ENUM('男', '女'),enrollment_date DATE DEFAULT CURRENT_DATE
);
删除表
DROP TABLE students;
修改表结构
ALTER TABLE students ADD COLUMN email VARCHAR(100);
ALTER TABLE students MODIFY COLUMN age TINYINT;
ALTER TABLE students DROP COLUMN gender;
3. CRUD 操作
插入数据
INSERT INTO students (name, age, gender)
VALUES ('张三', 18, '男'), ('李四', 19, '女');
查询数据
-- 基本查询
SELECT * FROM students;-- 条件查询
SELECT name, age FROM students WHERE age > 18;-- 排序
SELECT * FROM students ORDER BY age DESC;-- 分组
SELECT gender, COUNT(*) FROM students GROUP BY gender;-- 分页
SELECT * FROM students LIMIT 5 OFFSET 0; -- 第一页,每页5条
更新数据
UPDATE students SET age = 20 WHERE name = '张三';
删除数据
DELETE FROM students WHERE student_id = 1;
二、外键与关联查询
1. 外键概念
外键(Foreign Key)用于建立表与表之间的关联关系,确保数据完整性。
2. 创建带外键的表
-- 班级表
CREATE TABLE classes (class_id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,class_name VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,teacher VARCHAR(50)
);-- 学生表(带外键)
CREATE TABLE students (student_id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,name VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,age INT,class_id INT,FOREIGN KEY (class_id) REFERENCES classes(class_id)ON DELETE SET NULLON UPDATE CASCADE
);
3. 外键约束选项
-
ON DELETE CASCADE
: 主表记录删除时,从表相关记录自动删除
-
ON DELETE SET NULL
: 主表记录删除时,从表外键设为NULL
-
ON DELETE RESTRICT
: 拒绝删除主表记录(默认)
-
ON UPDATE CASCADE
: 主表主键更新时,从表外键同步更新
4. 关联查询
内连接(INNER JOIN)
SELECT s.name, s.age, c.class_name
FROM students s
INNER JOIN classes c ON s.class_id = c.class_id;
左连接(LEFT JOIN)
SELECT s.name, c.class_name
FROM students s
LEFT JOIN classes c ON s.class_id = c.class_id;
右连接(RIGHT JOIN)
SELECT s.name, c.class_name
FROM students s
RIGHT JOIN classes c ON s.class_id = c.class_id;
全连接(FULL JOIN) - MySQL通过UNION实现
SELECT s.name, c.class_name FROM students s LEFT JOIN classes c ON s.class_id = c.class_id
UNION
SELECT s.name, c.class_name FROM students s RIGHT JOIN classes c ON s.class_id = c.class_id;
三、完整示例
1. 创建数据库和表
-- 创建数据库
CREATE DATABASE school_management;
USE school_management;-- 创建班级表
CREATE TABLE classes (class_id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,class_name VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,teacher VARCHAR(50),created_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
);-- 创建学生表(带外键)
CREATE TABLE students (student_id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,name VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,age INT CHECK (age BETWEEN 10 AND 30),gender ENUM('男', '女'),class_id INT,FOREIGN KEY (class_id) REFERENCES classes(class_id)ON DELETE SET NULLON UPDATE CASCADE,created_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
);-- 创建成绩表(多外键)
CREATE TABLE scores (score_id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,student_id INT,subject VARCHAR(50),score DECIMAL(5,2),exam_date DATE,FOREIGN KEY (student_id) REFERENCES students(student_id)ON DELETE CASCADEON UPDATE CASCADE
);
2. 插入测试数据
-- 插入班级数据
INSERT INTO classes (class_name, teacher) VALUES
('一年级一班', '王老师'),
('一年级二班', '李老师'),
('二年级一班', '张老师');-- 插入学生数据
INSERT INTO students (name, age, gender, class_id) VALUES
('张三', 18, '男', 1),
('李四', 19, '女', 1),
('王五', 17, '男', 2),
('赵六', 20, '女', NULL);-- 插入成绩数据
INSERT INTO scores (student_id, subject, score, exam_date) VALUES
(1, '数学', 90.5, '2023-06-15'),
(1, '语文', 85.0, '2023-06-16'),
(2, '数学', 92.0, '2023-06-15'),
(3, '英语', 88.5, '2023-06-17');
3. 复杂查询示例
查询每个班级的学生人数
SELECT c.class_name, COUNT(s.student_id) AS student_count
FROM classes c
LEFT JOIN students s ON c.class_id = s.class_id
GROUP BY c.class_id;
查询学生及其班级和成绩(多表连接)
SELECT s.name, s.age, c.class_name, sc.subject, sc.score
FROM students s
LEFT JOIN classes c ON s.class_id = c.class_id
LEFT JOIN scores sc ON s.student_id = sc.student_id
ORDER BY s.name, sc.subject;
查询平均分高于85的班级
SELECT c.class_name, AVG(sc.score) AS avg_score
FROM classes c
JOIN students s ON c.class_id = s.class_id
JOIN scores sc ON s.student_id = sc.student_id
GROUP BY c.class_id
HAVING avg_score > 85;
使用子查询
-- 查询没有参加任何考试的学生
SELECT name FROM students
WHERE student_id NOT IN (SELECT DISTINCT student_id FROM scores);
四、外键管理
1. 查看外键约束
SELECT TABLE_NAME, COLUMN_NAME, CONSTRAINT_NAME, REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME, REFERENCED_COLUMN_NAME
FROMINFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE
WHEREREFERENCED_TABLE_SCHEMA = 'school_management';
2. 删除外键约束
ALTER TABLE students DROP FOREIGN KEY students_ibfk_1;
3. 添加外键约束
ALTER TABLE students
ADD CONSTRAINT fk_class
FOREIGN KEY (class_id) REFERENCES classes(class_id)
ON DELETE SET NULL
ON UPDATE CASCADE;