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JPA教程 - JPA 一对一映射示例

本节介绍如何在JPA映射中执行一对一映射。

此示例假设一个人只能是一个部门的一部分，而一个部门只能有一个人。

在Person实体中，我们使用@OneToOne注释标记Department引用属性。

@Entity
public class Person {...
@OneToOne
private Department department;
...

这里是设置两个实体并将它们保存到数据库的简单代码。

    Person p1 = new Person("Tom");p1.setName("Tom");Department d = new Department();d.setName("Design");p1.setDepartment(d);em.persist(p1);em.persist(d);

例子

下面的代码来自Person.java。

package cn.w3cschool.common;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;@Entity
public class Person {@Id@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY)private long id;private String name;@OneToOneprivate Department department;public Person() {}public Person(String name) {this.name = name;}public Department getDepartment() {return department;}public void setDepartment(Department department) {this.department = department;}public Long getId() {return id;}public void setId(Long id) {this.id = id;}public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}@Overridepublic String toString() {return "Person [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + "]";}}

下面的代码来自Department.java。

package cn.w3cschool.common;import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;@Entity
public class Department {@Id@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY)private long id;private String name;public long getId() {return id;}public void setId(long id) {this.id = id;}public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}
}

下面的代码来自PersonDaoImpl.java。

package cn.w3cschool.common;import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.PersistenceContext;import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;@Transactional
public class PersonDaoImpl {public void test(){Person p1 = new Person("Tom");p1.setName("Tom");Department d = new Department();d.setName("Design");p1.setDepartment(d);em.persist(p1);em.persist(d);}@PersistenceContextprivate EntityManager em;
}

以下是数据库转储。

Table Name: DEPARTMENTRow:Column Name: ID,Column Type: BIGINT:Column Value: 1Column Name: NAME,Column Type: VARCHAR:Column Value: Design
Table Name: PERSONRow:Column Name: ID,Column Type: BIGINT:Column Value: 1Column Name: NAME,Column Type: VARCHAR:Column Value: TomColumn Name: DEPARTMENT_ID,Column Type: BIGINT:Column Value: 1